Antidepressants List,With side effects and Mechanism.

Depression: A mental or physical condition characterized by anorexia,irritability,emotionalization,impaired concentration and suicidal tendency is termed depression.
Antidepressants: Drugs that are used in the treatment of pathological depression are called Anti-depressants.

Classification Of ANTIDEPRESSANT Drugs

1.TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA)
  (First generation antidepressant)

•  Imipramine (Tofranil)
•  Amitriptyline (Elavil)
•  Amoxapine
•  Clomipramine (Anafranil)
•  Desipramine (Norpramin)
•  Doxepin (Sinequan)
•  Imipramine (Tofranil)
•  Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
•  Protriptyline (Vivactil)
•  Trimipramine (Surmontil)

 2.ATYPICAL ANTIDEPRESSANTS
(second generation antidepressant)

•  Amoxapine
•  Nomifensine
•  Maprotiline

3.SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS

•  Citalopram (Celexa)
•  Escitalopram (Lexapro)
•  Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem)
•  Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
•  Paroxetine (Paxil)
•  Sertraline (Zoloft)

4.MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAO-I)

•  Phenelzine (Nardil)
•  Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
•  Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
•  Selegiline (EMSAM, Eldepryl)
•  Iproniazid
•  Pargyline

5.OTHER ANTIDEPRESSANTS

•  Maprotiline Mirtazapine (Remeron)
•  Trazodone Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
•  Nefazodone (Serzone)

Adverse Effect & Toxicity of Antidepressants

Side effects of antidepressants vary from one medication to another and from person to person.
But some common adverse effects are:

1.Anti-histaminic Action

• Sedation
• Lassitude
• Fatigue

2.Increase Sympathetic Activity

• Tachycardia
• Agitation
• Sweating
• Psycosis

3.Anti-muscarinic Action

• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Blurred vision
• Urinary retention

4.Withdrawal symptoms include:

nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, irritability, sleep disturbance, nightmares, psychosis, and seizures.

They are also associated with hypertension, abnormal heart rhythms, anxiety, insomnia, seizures, headache, rash, nausea, and vomiting, abdominal cramps, weight loss, and sexual dysfunction. 

Tricyclic antidepressants rarely cause liver failure.

All antidepressants have a warning about use in children and adolescents.

Mechanism of Action of TCA

TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS

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Inhibit reuptake pump of biogenic amines

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Increase concentration of amine in the brain

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Longer duration of action of amine at the receptor site

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Antidepressant action.

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