What are NSAIDs? Warning and safety rule when taking NSAIDs.

 Warning and safety rule when taking NSAIDs

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of drugs used to reduce inflammation, pain, and fever. They are among the most widely prescribed source drugs in the world. You are probably familiar with the NSAIDs aspirin and ibuprofen.

• NSAIDs are available over the counter (OTC) and prescription. Prescription NSAIDs are more robust in dosage than OTC versions.

• Most individuals receive NSAID treatment for short periods, but the time of exposure associated with the use of NSAIDs is poorly defined.

International guidelines discourage NSAID treatment in patients with established cardiac disease, for example, myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure, but if NSAID treatment is unavoidable, guidelines propose The duration of NSAID treatment should be as short as possible.

However, there is little information about each person's risk profile.

OTC NSAID

Aspirin compounds including:

• Anacin
• Bayer
• Bufferin
• Excedrin

Ibuprofen, including:

• Motrin
• Advil
• Midol

Naproxen sodium, including:

• Aleve
• Naprosyn

Warning:

• Some individuals are allergic to NSAIDs and may have shortness of breath when taking NSAIDs. People with asthma are at greater risk of experiencing a severe allergic reaction to NSAIDs. Individuals with a severe allergy to an NSAID are likely to experience a similar reaction to a different NSAID.

• Aspirin use in children and adolescents with chickenpox or influenza has been associated with the development of Reye's syndrome, a serious and sometimes fatal liver disease. Therefore, aspirin and non-aspirin salicylates (eg, salsalate [amygesic]) should not be used in children and adolescents with suspected or confirmed chickenpox or influenza.

• NSAIDs increase the risk of potentially fatal, stomach and intestinal adverse reactions (eg, bleeding, ulcers, and perforation of the stomach or intestines). These events can occur at any time during treatment and without warning symptoms. Elderly patients are at greater risk for these adverse events. NSAIDs (except for low-dose aspirin) may increase the risk of potentially fatal heart attacks, strokes, and related conditions. This risk may increase in the duration of use and in patients who have underlying risk factors for heart and blood vessel disease. Therefore, NSAIDs should not be used for the treatment of pain resulting from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Common side effects

NSAIDs, like other drugs, have a risk of side effects. NSAIDs may increase the risk of side effects in older people and people with certain chronic diseases.

Most people tolerate NSAIDs well. Mild side effects can occur by reducing the NSAID dose or taking additional medications to combat side effects.

Here are some possible side effects:

stomach problems

Stomach problems are the most common side effect of NSAIDs. Contains:

• Burning or pain
• Heartburn
• The gas
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Bleeding and ulcers
• Nausea
• Vomiting

You can take NSAIDs with food, milk, or a drug that inhibits acid production (antacids).

Drinking alcohol while taking NSAIDs may increase your risk for internal bleeding

Heart attack and stroke

• Except for aspirin, NSAIDs may increase your risk for high blood pressure, stroke, or heart attack.

Increase in blood pressure

• All NSAIDS can raise your blood pressure whether or not you already have high blood pressure (hypertension).

• NSAIDs may reduce the effects of some blood pressure medications.

• On average, NSAIDs can increase blood pressure by 5 millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

kidney problems

• The most common NSAID kidney problem is fluid retention, such as an inflamed ankle and foot. Other kidney problems are less common.

• A large 2019 study source of US Army soldiers using NSAIDs found a low but significant increase in the risk of kidney problems. The effect on the kidney was found to be dose-dependent.

• According to the National Kidney Foundation, NSAIDs may increase the risk of sudden kidney failure or kidney damage.

• The Foundation advises that if you have already reduced renal function, you should avoid NSAIDs.

Allergies

Allergic reactions to NSAIDs are rare.

If you have symptoms of a generalized allergic reaction, seek emergency medical care.

Symptoms include:

• Swelling of lips, tongue or eyes
• Shortness of breath, wheezing
• difficulty swallowing
• Rash or hives

Other side effects

Some people may experience:

• dizziness
• Trouble concentrating

When to consult a doctor or pharmacist

If you have any new symptoms of taking NSAIDs, consult your doctor. You may need to adjust the dose or switch to another medication.

Symptoms of red flag include:

• Allergic reaction, such as itching, rash or swelling
• Unexplained weight gain
• Black stool
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Light sensitivity
• Trouble urinating
• Bad headache or other pain
• Pain in the middle of your back

If you have more severe symptoms, get emergency help.

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